The Fuel System I"`M@ % The engine fuels are "Gas Oil" Mark E or diesel fuel "DT". Plate 10 shows the main fuel feed layout.
e>AE8T bwl|0"f+` Plate 10 - Fuel System
Sfr&p>{, 1. Fuel feed pump
t2"FXTAq 2. Fuel filter
?^N3&ukkyo 3. Fuel injection pump
XO'l Nb. 4. High pressure fuel pipe
nqf,4MR 5. Feed tanks
Nr=d<Us9f 6. Front left tank
y8DhOlewQ 7. Front right tank
^I+)o1%F 8. Filter caps
jQ)T6 7 9. Drain plugs
}[xs~!2F 10. Fuel distributor cocks
!Ta>U^7 11. Auxiliary cock
e$pMsw'MJ 12. Air pump
!* OJ.W& 13. Air distributor valve
<wAFy>7 14. Bleeder cock
y.q(vzg\_ 15. Bleeder tank
iya"ky~H 16. Pressure gauge
z0do;_x]E 17. Compensation tank
QeK*j/ The system consists of fuel tanks (#5 and #6), fuel feed pump (#1), fuel filter (#2), fuel injection pump (#3), injectors, pipe to fuel injection pump and air cleaner; and besides this the system also consists of cocks, fuel pipes, pressure gauge, compensation tank, small bleeder tank, and an air pressure pump.
!Xph_SQ!B= Construction of Engine Fuel Feed System }m-FGk Fuel tanks l(Q?rwI8Y In the early models six fuel tanks arc installed at the sides, of those the four front tanks are arranged in pairs in the fighting compartment and two are placed in the rear of the vehicle. In later models there are two more tanks of 75 litres each at the side of the engine compartment. The complete capacity of the fuel tanks is 460 litres. This capacity is divided up thus: front right and left tanks - 150 litres each and the rear tanks - 80 litres each. Besides this there are four spare tanks with 33.5 litres each attached on the outside of the inclined plates of the side hull.
plZ>03(6Q Fuel from the front small feed tanks reach the distributor cock (#10) (Plate 10) through a flange welded to the back of the holder of the lower tank.
5+wAzVA The fuel fillers of the front tanks are provided with mesh filters and are closed by plugs. On the top of each upper tank a pipe is introduced which passes through the air distributor cock (#13) to the air pressure pump (#12).
?y!E-& To measure the quantity of fuel in the front tanks there is a , dipstick which is pushed through the filler of the upper tank, to do this the mesh filter has to be removed. The dipstick indicates the approximate quantity of fuel in the upper and lower tanks.
28=O03q The feed tanks are likewise provided with aperture for filling and draining. These apertures are closed by plugs. The feed tanks are connected by a cross pipe in which is fitted an auxiliary cock (#11) (Plate 10). From the back of the right feed tank there is a pipe which leads off horizontally along the right side of thc hull to the fuel cock.
Cn[0(s6 From the top of the right and left feed tanks a pipe leads to the air pressure pump.
F_4n^@M When the engine is running, the fuel is taken only from the right feed tank. The fuel flows simultaneously from both feed tanks if the auxiliary cook (#11) is opened. In the event of a defect in the right feed tank it becomes necessary to operate this cock. In this case it is necessary to turn the cock on the union pipe in order to conserve the fuel in the left tank. The full capacity of each feed is 86 litres. The level of the feed tanks can be tested with the same dipstick as for the other tanks using the other side of it.
&>Vfa of@#:Qs Plate 11 - Fuel distribution cock
p
l&Muv 1. Body
_(KbiEB{ 2. Plug
tzh1s
i 5. Nut
x|5k<CiA 6. Hand lever
7t*"%]o 7. Mesh filter
ivz{L- 8. Spring
1w&!H]%{ 9. Nut
&%/7E_j7 The fuel distributor cock (Plate 11).
9rA=pH%<>B The cock serves the purpose of turning on or off the flow of fuel from the tanks to the engine. It is situated on the engine bulkhead at the right. Inside the body of the distributor cock there is a filter (#7) by means of which the fuel is cleaned before reaching the fuel feed pump. The body of the cock has four unions, of these three carry pipes from the fuel tanks and to the fourth is attached the pipe leading to the fuel feed pump. The handle of the tap has four positions (Plate 10):
o-Ga3i 8 1. Handle pointing down - tanks shut off
q?ix$nKOv 2. Handle to the left - petrol flows from front left tank.
<=,6p>Eo[ 3. Handle to the right - petrol flows from front right tank.
vz!s~cAt 4. Handle pointing upwards - petrol flows from feed tanks.
Q6r7.pk"SU The positions right and left are taken facing the front of the vehicle.
pf7it5 From the cock 10 (Plate 10) the fuel flows to the fuel feed pump 1. The fuel feed pump ensures the transmission of fuel under pressure from the tanks through the filter to the fuel injection pump. It is mounted in the crank-case on the fighting compartment side. For lubricating the gland of the fuel feed pump there is a nipple.
RG4 sQ0 The filter 2 (Plate 10) is attached to the front of the engine between the two banks. From the filter a pipe leads off to the pressure gauge. The pressure gauge which measures the pressure of the fuel at the filter is mounted in the instrument panel in the driving compartment.
G2FXrkU (This plate is currently unavailable)
cSm%s Plate 12 - Fuel injection pump
]H1I,`=@ 1. Fuel priming lever
dYgXtl=#j 2. Support of fuel priming lever
(V HL{rj 3. Rack bar limiter
_x5 3g
A 4. Rack bar
&sd}ulEg` 5. Nut of rack bar limiter
jfqopiSi 6. Split pin securing nut
~T89_L 7. Control plug of governor casing
W='>:H 8. Union for filler pipe
P$-X)c$& 9. Lubricator for governor
6!(@@^7{* 10. Air bleeder plug
n9xAPB } 11. oil measurer
"T- `$'9 12. Drilling
,zT y?OQ Fuel injection ::/j$bL (Plate 12)
Alxx[l\<J The pump is designed to measure out a fixed proportion of fuel corresponding to the load of the engine and to transmit it under high pressure through the injectors into the cylinders. The fuel injection pump is situated on the engine between the two banks.
k Zq!& Beginning at 1800-1850 rpm the governor controlling the action of the rack bar 4 of the pump limits the maximum engine revolutions. The maximum number of revs that the governor allows in the advent of a sudden falling off of load does not exceed 2050 per minute. The governor is adjusted so that the engine speed reaches 1800 rpm when working at its maximum capacity. The limiting stop of the stroke of the rack bar and the limiter of the fuel priming lever are sealed. It is categorically forbidden to remove the lead seals and change the setting of the limiters.
E^SH\5B Lubrication of the components of the fuel injection pump is carried out by means or an oil filler hole in the top of the body of the pump. The oil level in the body of the pump is measured by a dipstick fitted to the filler hole. The normal oil level is between the upper and lower graduations. The pistons and cylinders of the fuel injection pump are lubricated directly from the fuel itself. The governor is lubricated by oil, filled into a casing through the lubricator (#9) {Plate 12) which is fitted to the upper casing of the governor. Oil should be filled into thc casing of the governor up to the level of the control plug (#7).
2TA*m{\Hr The fuel reaches the injectors (#8) (Plate 13) from thc fuel injection pump through a thick-walled steel tube.
^) s2$A:L /ID?DtJ Plate 13 - Layout of fuel system
NW&b&o 1. fuel feed pump
%p0xM 2. Low pressure pipe
Ho
*AAg 3. Fuel filter
]S5JUAGkE* 4. Low pressure pump
@#-q^}3 5. Fuel injection pump type HK-1
x UD-iSY 6. High pressure pipe
$81*^ 7. Injector union
Vkc#7W( 8. Injector
9,"L^W8"k 9. Combustion chamber
Air Pressure Pump L:'J
Bhg Before starting the engine it is necessary to have the filter and all pipes leading from the tanks to the fuel injection pump primed with fuel. This entails the transmission of fuel from the tanks to the fuel feed pump. The pressure necessary to do this is 0.2-0.3 atmospheres. The hand operated air pressure pump (Plate 14) which is fitted in the front or the vehicle is used to supply this necessary pressure in the tanks. From this pump (#12) (Plate 10) a pipe leads to thc air cock (#13).
aVd,xl Air distributor cock The cock is fitted on the left of the driver. Its purpose is to link the appropriate fuel tank to the air pressure pump in order to put it under pressure for starting purposes and also to connect the tanks to the atmosphere during the time the engine is running.
*C:|X b<9 The cock has five unions. To one union, the lower one, is connected the pipe from the air pressure pump, to three unions are connected pipes from the fuel tanks and one is connected to the bleeder tap
J`^I./ By turning the handle of the cock, one or the other of the fuel tanks can be connected to the air pressure pump, the remaining tanks are joined to the atmosphere through the opening in the body of the cock. When the position of the handle is against "MA" all the tanks are connected to the atmosphere and the air pressure pump to the air outlet cock. The other positions of the handle are marked thus:
2Roc|)-47 # "J" - Left tank.
c7FRI0X # "N" - Right tank.
9\DQ>V TQ # "3" - Feed tanks.
aT$9; For bleeding the air from the fuel filter and the fuel injection pump there is a small tap on the instrument panel (#14) (Plate 10). Air can reach the fuel filter and fuel pump either when stationary owing to there being no fuel in the pipes or when moving through the pipes being air locked when the tanks are low.
TG5XSy The bleeder tap consistes of a three-way cock with three unions. The unions connect pipes leading from the fuel filter, air pressure pump and the small bleeder tank.
fP `b>]N_ .>IhN 5 Plate 14 - Air pressure pump
~((w?Yy"v 1. Hand lever
I'0@viF"Nx 2. Rod
_> *jH' 3. Upper cap
=%BZ9,l 4. Body
IyLx0[:U 5. Spring
$
<#KA3o\ 6. Piston
6efnxxY}sa 7. Lower body
UCClWr 8. Ball
&HY+n)
o 9. Valve spring
e[#j.|m 10. Adaptor
dB5b@9* 11. Pipe
SE~[bT To expel air from the fuel filter before starting it is necessary to build up a pressure of 0.2- 0.3 Kg/cm2 in the tank which is switched on by the distributor cook and to turn the bleeder tap to the position marked "CIIYCK BO3AYXA"(Air out). (See plate 10 and the plate on the instrument panel). Under force of the pressure created in the tank, air, and afterwards fuel, goes from the fuel filter through a small tube, passing the pressure gauge, to the bleeder cock and through this to the bleeder tank. Air first goes through into the bleeder tank, then fuel and air and finally, only pure fuel. In order to eliminate air bubbles it is necessary for the handle of the tap to be in the working position (pointing downwards). If all the air has not been successfully removed from the fuel injection pump by means of the bleeder tap then it is necessary to open the engine hatch and withdraw the plug 10 (Plate 12). After releasing the air from the pump the plug should be replaced.
d8x \ The position !IIPOAYBKA' (inflate) of the bleeder tap should only be used if the fuel oil congeals in the pipe leading to the pressure gauge. To blow out this pipe it is necessary to disconnect it from the fuel filter, set the handle of the bleeder tap to "IIPOAYBKA" and the air cock to "MA" and blow the pipe out by means of the air pump. The small bleeder tank is painted yellow and is positioned in the nose of the hull behind the instrument panel.
ez6EjUk Fuel injection pump controls The fuel injection pump controls regulate the quantity of fuel entering the cylinders. The lay-out of the control system is seen in (Plate 15)
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