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% Chapter I. SHORT DESCRIPTION OF THE TANK
第一章 总览
The T-34 is a tracked fighting vehicle. The crew of tank consists of four men. The Tank is armed with a 76 mm. tank gun and two machine guns. The principle parts of the tank are:
7](,/MeGG 1. Hull and turret
a"EX<6" 2. Armament
-uIu-a] 3. Engine
mFw`LvH?* 4. Transmission
B<u6Z!Pp2 5. Suspension
SS[jk 6. Equipment
2%'{f <kN4@bd; T-34 坦克是一个履带作战车辆,作战人员4人,武备76MM坦克炮,两个车载机枪,以下是坦克的主要部分
ARGtWW~: 1.装甲壳与炮塔
5f(yF 2武器
[`BMi-WQ 3.传动装置
/X~l%Xm 4.悬挂装置
O; 7`*}m 5.器材设备
__fa,kK {? >k"Z'9l The Hull zt/b S/ The hull is divided into four compartments, driving, fighting, engine and transmission.
R?b3G4~ The driving compartment is situated in the front part of the tank; it contains the seats of the mechanic-driver and gunner-wireless operator, the driving controls, instruments, engine controls and electrical equipment, machine gun, part of the fighting equipment. wireless set (not in all tanks) , three periscopes, control for rear louvres, two compressed air bottles, spare parts, tools and ancillaries.
@@"}i7 The driver's hatch is in the glacis plate. In the floor at the feet of the gunner-wireless operator, there is an auxiliary escape hatch which is closed by an armoured door from within. The driver's hatch is fixed with hinges and has two locks which can be opened from within by pulling a strap which connects both locks. To assist opening the hatch a balancing mechanism (Plate I) is provided together with a catch and handwheel for supporting it in the open position.
Ly"u }e 5 >S#ew 装甲壳体划分成四个部分,驾驶部分,作战部分,引擎与传动部分
+3dWnBg? 驾驶部分放置在坦克前部,有机械驾驶员座椅和无线电员兼炮手的操作位,驾驶控制装置,驾驶仪,引擎控制,电动装置,车前机枪,(部分战斗武器),无线电装备,(不是所有车都有)三个潜望镜和观察孔透镜,后部排烟装置(?)两个压缩空气瓶,备件箱,备用工具,
SMY,bU'a 驾驶员的舱口是个有斜度的装甲板,在板一侧是无线电员兼炮手的操作位,这个也是一个辅助的逃逸出口,一般被里面的装甲门从内部关住,驾驶员舱是被铰链固定,两边各有两个扣子,这玩意儿可以用个皮带拉开,可以通过平衡机械装置拉开这个装置于驾驶盘上(见板图1),
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=U! {`2! 3= " Plate 1 - Balancing mechanism of the driver's hatch
o|YY,G=C 1. Hand lever
_[su?C 2. Body
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d-A 3. Plate
ijEMS1$=7 4. Spring
P$ZIKkf 5. Centralising bush
?`bi8 Ck 6. Spring
h.d-a/ 7. Rear flange
wmAZ { 8. Rod
1@rI4U@D 9. Pivot
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O.! 10. Lock
4{=zO(> 11. Handwheel
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Y [KR|m,QWp 例图1-驾驶员舱口盖的平衡机构
D1rXTI$$ 1手柄
1G$fU
zS 2主转钮
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{ 3.盖板
{}kE=L5 4弹簧
IL;JdIa 5.中央衬套
8[\F*H 6.内弹簧
Z0uo.
H@.N 7.后轮缘
@E;'Ffo 8.按杆
M!Q27wT8O 9.轴枢纽
%N$,1=0* 10.固锁装置
I(tMw6C$: 11.驾驶盘
r"sK@ @/FE!6 |O The fighting compartment is situated in the middle part of the tank. It contains the seats of' the tank commander and the turret gunner. The turret which rests on a ball race on top of the fighting compartment contains the 76 mm. tank gun and the ATmachine gun co-axially mounted, part of the fighting compartment and observation instruments.
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G6* Behind the removable plate of the partition are four fuel tanks - two at each side. In the middle and at the sides, part ,of the fighting equipment is kept. In the right hand corner there is an electric fan. On the roof of the fighting Compartment there arc six openings -three at each side. The central openings are used for filling up the tanks with fuel; and the remainder are for inspection, maintenance and lubrication of the suspension. In the floor of the fighting compartment there are three openings under the fuel tanks for draining off fuel ( the openings are closed by threaded plugs). There are also four slits for the removal and inspection of the suspension units. These are closed by caps on the outside of the tank.
&TJMop Vn The Engine compartment is situated behind the fighting compartment and is separated from it by a dividing bulkhead (Plate 2). The following are installed in the engine compartment: the engine, two water cooling radiators, two oil tank , radiators, four accumulators. The floor of the engine compartment is fitted with an access door for the oil pump and water pump ( this is closed by an armoured cover on the outside of the vehicle), an aperture for draining water and three slits for the removal and inspection of the suspension (these slits are closed by means of armoured covers on the exterior of the vehicle).
iZ}Afj The engine compartment roof has a large hatch for access to the engine (this is closed by a cover and secured by a lock), two air louvers over the radiators. There are four access plates at each side; the central ones provide access to the filler plugs and oil tank cocks and the ones at each side are for access to the adjustment of the suspension.
&*}`uJt Hof@,w Plate 2 - Engine Bulkhead
rp^=vfW 1. Hand lever for louvre control
W/DSj : 2. Cover of the ventilating hatch
)c!7V)z 3. Upper central removeable plate
bnHQvCO3$ 4. Threaded grease gun
3eT5~Lbs 5. Access door for fuse box
XHs>Q>` 6. Access door for oil cock
]CHO5'%,$ 7. Fuel distributor cock
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L 8. Lower central removeable plate
wCw-EGLR 9. Nut of steem valve
h+=xG|1R[5 The transmission compartment is situated in the rear part of the tank; it contains the engine clutch with centrifugal ran, gearbox, steering clutches with brakes, electric starter, final drives with two fuel tanks. The floor of the transmission compartment is provided with two apertures at the side for draining fuel (these apertures are closed by threaded plugs on the outside) and one opening Jon thc middle under the gear box for draining off oil (this opening is closed by means of an armoured cover from the outside).
>Dy<@e In the roof of the transmission compartment, over the fan there are air inlet louvres (Plate 3). These are provided with a metal netting for keeping out foreign bodies. These are two access plates in the roof for the fuel tanks and filler plugs.
sQUJ]h -< D7 Plate 3 - Air Louvre control linkage
<qJI]P 1. Segment
7iMBDkb7 2. Hand lever with lock
`G7LM55 3. Eye
m}ZkNWH 4. Lost motion device
ntR@[)K 5. Tie-rod
o81RD#>E) 6. Eye
E-gI'qG\( 7. Tie-rod
$;7,T~{ 8. Lever
Bn:"qN~ 9. Louvres
tljZE) The Turret (Plate 4)
PxfWO1S( In the front of thc turret in a mantlet are installed: the 76 mm. gun and the co-axially mounted ATmachine gun and the telescopic sight TMOA-7. At the left of the gun on the turret neck the turret traversing gear is fitted.
+yYxHIOZ( The rear plate of the turret is removable. Fixed to the sides of the turret are the observation instruments and underneath them a revolver port is provided which is closed by means of a conical plug. This plug is inserted from the outside and pushed open by a steel lever. The rear part of the turret roof is fitted with an access hatch on the top of which there is a signal port. Fitted on to the front part of the roof are the instruments NTK-5 and NT-7 and between them a hatch is provided for ventilation which is covered by an armoured cap. The turret is prevented from coming off by turret clips. In the rear clip is incorporated a travelling lock for the turret.
Sk7l&B (#I$4Px{ Plate 4 - Turret (front)
9Rl-Jz8g Door in the Access hatch of the Turret %3b;`Oa In the closed position, the door (Plate 5) is secured by a lock (Plate 6) which is opened from the outside by a key. To open the lock from within it is necessary to press the catch (# 7), turn the lever (# 6) perpendicularly to the surface of the roof and pull the lever (# 4). In the open position, the roof is supported by a pawl (# 2). To close the roof it is necessary to press the knob (# 5) and remove the pawl. To facilitate the opening and shutting of the roof a balance spring (Plate 5) is provided.
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